The impact of dual network structure on firm performance: the moderating effect of innovation strategy

ABSTRACT

Firm innovation is embedded in a collaboration network among researchers and a knowledge network composed of knowledge elements; the two networks are decoupled. Guided by social network theory, this study puts forward the definition and the classification of firm dual network structure, probes into the influence of dual network structure on firm performance, and explores the alignment between innovation strategy and firm dual network structure. We conduct an empirical study of 183 listed companies in China from 2004 to 2018. It is found that the four types of dual network structure all have positive impacts on firm performance, and the impact of a collaboration network is slightly higher than that of a knowledge network. Besides, innovation strategy plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between dual network structure and firm performance. Our findings provide new ideas for firms to identify and optimise knowledge and collaboration network structures and match them with innovation strategy to improve performance.     

疫情对经济的影响与“灾害适应型经济”的转型

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对中国乃至世界经济产生了巨大的冲击。疫情的冲击颠覆了传统经济学的认知，需从理论上对经济衰退的原因和机制重新认识，特别是对疫情之下“非常态经济”及其与“常态经济”之间的关系加以研究；疫情的冲击亦暴露出现有的经济系统存在的问题，需要推动经济的转型，打造“灾害适应型经济”。本文基于辩证思想，从负面和正向两个方面来研究疫情对经济的影响，充分发掘新动能，利用新机会，推动中国经济向“灾害适应型经济”转型，实现中国经济的可持续、高质量发展。     

旅游产业与农村可持续生计耦合的空间格局及驱动机制——以张家界为例

通过构建乡村旅游与农村可持续生计系统指标体系,运用变异系数和耦合协调度模型对2005—2018年张家界乡村旅游与农村可持续生计的耦合度和协调度进行测算,分析耦合协调度的空间格局,并运用地理探测器方法对其驱动机制进行分析。研究表明:①2005—2018年耦合协调度保持连续上升的趋势;②乡村旅游发展初期呈现东部高西部低的分布格局,中期呈现东南部滞后于西部的分布格局,但最终张家界整个区县达到优质协调;③耦合协调度空间分异的主要影响因素有人均GDP、旅游收入占GDP比重、农业机械化水平和人均财政收入等,且具有明显的时间异质性特征。     

基于乡村振兴战略的青岛市农村基础设施提档升级驱动力分析

[目的]为了全面贯彻实施乡村振兴战略,以建设美丽乡村为导向,研究影响青岛市农村基础设施提档升级的驱动因子,为青岛市农村现代化建设和城乡协调发展提供理论依据。[方法]文章利用主成分分析法对青岛市农村基础设施的基本情况和影响因素进行分析,通过技术各因子之间的相关系数、特征值和贡献率分析影响青岛市农村基础设施提档升级的主要因素。[结果]青岛市农村基础设施一直处于升级的状态,主成分分析结果表明第一主成分和第二主成分可以代表绝大部分信息,第一主成分与X1(农村居民人均纯收入)、X2(乡村人口)、X4(农业产值)、X6(农村恩格尔系数)、X7(工业生产总值)具有很大的相关性,第二主成分与X3(农用机械总动力)、X5(固定资产投资)具有明显的相关性。[结论]经济发展因素和农业人口因素是影响青岛市农村基础设施提档升级主要驱动力。为了进一步提高农村基础设施建设,政府应该增加固定资产的投入,重点整治农村污染和公共卫生,加强村容村貌整治,促进青岛市美丽乡村的全面建设。     

INTERNATIONAL RESERVE MANAGEMENT: A DRIFT‐SWITCHING REFLECTED JUMP‐DIFFUSION MODEL

We study the cost of shocks, that is, jump risk, with respect to reserve management when the reserve process is formulated as a drift‐switching jump diffusion with a reflecting barrier at 0. Inspired by the Brownian drift switching model, our model results in a more realistic dynamic behavior of international reserves than the buffer stock model. The new model can capture both the jump behavior in reserve dynamics and the leptokurtic feature of the increment distribution which has a higher peak and two asymmetric heavier tails than the normal distribution. Through the selection of an initial distribution that reflects certain steady state behaviors, the reserve process becomes a regenerative process. This selection enables us to derive a closed‐form expression for the total expected discounted cost of managing reserves, thus helping us to numerically find management strategies that minimize costs. The numerical results show that shocks at the reserve level have a significant effect on reserve management strategies and that model misspecification can result in nonnegligible additional costs.     

Host country risk and foreign ownership strategy: Meta-analysis and theory on the moderating role of home country institutions

Empirical evidence for the relationship between host country risk and a firm’s ownership level in its foreign entry strategy is inconclusive. We revisit this relationship by integrating the internalisation logic with an institution-based view to examine the moderating effects of formal and informal institutions in the home country. By meta-analysing 64 empirical studies involving 52,229 ownership decisions on foreign market entry, this study gives support to theoretical arguments that the focal relationship is positively moderated by institutional constraints on policymakers and risk-taking tendencies in the home country but is negatively moderated by the joint effect of these two institutional factors. These findings shed new light on the literature of host country risk and foreign ownership strategy. Besides describing the implications of the findings for theory and practice, we discuss the agenda for future theory development in international business.     

一般竞争战略理论论战、观点流派与研究展望——从割裂到融合

一般竞争战略理论对企业战略决策具有广泛而深远的影响。学者们对一般竞争战略的割裂观和融合观一直争执不休，众多研究呈现出多角度、多证据、结论矛盾和研究混乱的局面。文章通过对相关理论回顾和梳理，揭示出一般竞争战略理论割裂观存在的问题和困境，呈现融合观的理论与实证证据，提炼出混合战略的三个流派，并揭示混合战略研究的脉络和趋势。文章揭示出融合是竞争战略的趋势，实现不同战略类型的融合和竞争战略的多维体系构建，有助于厘清竞争战略研究的混乱和矛盾，打破根深蒂固的“骑墙战略”禁区思维，为企业的战略决策提供系统和多维的视角，并推动一般竞争战略从割裂化向融合化演进，特别是对现阶段的中国企业战略制定具有重要意义。     

发展竞争、土地供应策略互动与城市用地增长——基于252个城市数据的空间面板模型实证检验

研究目的：针对发展竞争驱动下产生的地方政府土地供应策略，从空间维度上展开进一步分析，解析城市土地供应行为中存在着怎样的空间互动关系。研究方法：运用2007—2017年的城市层面面板数据和空间计量模型进行了实证检验。研究结果：（1）服务于发展竞争的土地供应策略，对本城市和周边城市的用地增长都会产生影响；（2）工业用地价格波动与商住用地价格波动都会产生空间溢出效应，且前者产生的空间溢出效应更强；（3）工业用地价格存在“竞次式”的城市间互动，其价格增长会显著抑制本城市的用地扩张，但会促进周边城市的用地增长；（4）商住用地价格提升会促进本城市用地扩张，并抑制周边城市用地扩张；（5）作为因变量的城市用地规模，在同省/异省的城市间分别存在着“彼此促进”和“此消彼长”两种互动关系。研究结论：区域协调、用地增长两个方面要紧密结合，针对工业用地价格“竞次式”竞争和商住用地价格高价出让，从城市间关系协调入手进行调控政策的设计与创新。     

Effectiveness of harvest strategies in achieving multiple management objectives in a multispecies fishery

Fisheries management is characterised by multiple objectives, some of which may be complementary, while others may require trade‐offs between outcomes. Balancing these objectives is made more complex in the case of multispecies and multigear fisheries. In this paper, we develop a bioeconomic model that captures the key elements of such a fishery to test a range of potential harvest strategies to provide insights into how economic target reference points could lead to both desirable and undesirable management outcomes (e.g. discards). The model is developed as a long‐run optimisation model to identify target reference points to achieve multispecies maximum economic yield, and a dynamic recursive optimisation model, which includes more realistic representation of fishers’ behaviour, such as discards and trading of under‐caught species quotas. The potential economic, social and ecological impacts are evaluated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results suggest that the use of proxy target reference points can result in short‐term economic benefits at the cost of slower stock recovery and higher discarding. Limiting the number of species subject to quota controls may also prove beneficial in multispecies fisheries, while ensuring quota markets are efficient is likely to produce benefits irrespective of the harvest strategy adopted.